This briefing paper examines Namibia’s potential economic pathways to 2030 by outlining contrasting pessimistic and optimistic scenarios across key sectors. The paper assesses demographic pressures, political dynamics, monetary and fiscal policy, and the international environment to highlight the risks and opportunities that will shape the country’s development trajectory. It provides a structured framework for understanding the reforms required to achieve higher growth, employment creation and economic resilience in the run-up to 2030.